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Learning self-help
skills--eating, dressing, toileting, and personal hygiene--can be
challenging for people with autism, but is essential for independence. Self-Help Skills for People with Autism
thoroughly describes a systematic approach that parents (and educators)
can use to teach basic self-care to children, ages 24 months to early
teens, and even older individuals. With an encouraging tone, the
authors--behavior analysts and psychologists--emphasize that it's
worthwhile to devote the extra time and effort now to teach skills
rather than have your child be dependent on others.
The many case studies throughout Self-Help Skills
depict individuals with deficits in specific self-care tasks, and
demonstrate how a coordinated and systematic approach is effective in
teaching more complex skills. For example, a 12-year-old with the
self-feeding skills of a toddler, who was excluded from the school
cafeteria, is taught to stay at the table to eat a full meal using
utensils. The book's beginning chapters explain the teaching process in
detail:
- Specify the target skill to be taught after prioritizing the self-care tasks that are most important and will likely have the greatest success rate
- Use task analysis to break complex skills into a series of small steps that will later be linked together to form the more complex skill
- Apply a systematic approach to instruction that consistently
employs proven methods for teaching people with autism including verbal
prompting, reinforcers/rewards, chaining, graduated guidance, shaping,
modeling, visual supports, etc.
- Monitor progress by collecting and analyzing data
- Modify your approach as needed to achieve the target goal
A chapter is devoted to
each of the four skill areas (eating, dressing, toileting, personal
hygiene) offering detailed insight and specific instruction strategies.
Appendices contain forms to complete for task analyses, instructional
plans, and data collection. With the information in Self-Help Skills, parents can immediately start teaching their child, or refer back to the book to fine-tune skills as their child develops.
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